Fracture
골절(fracture)은 외상성 musculoskeletal injuries 중에 하나로 뼈의 연속성이 소실된 것이다.
Mechanism
- Stress fracture
- Direct or indirect
- Direct forces include gunshot, explosion, stabbing, and crushing injuries.
- Most indirect fractures occur in reasonably predictable patterns.
- closed fracture or open fracture
- closed: intact skin of the involved body part
- open: skin of the involved body part is disrupted
- Osteoporotic fracture vs Pathologic fracture
종류
- complete fracture, incomplete fracture
- skull: linear fracture, depressed fracture, diastatic fracture
- green stick fracture(소아 골절)
- nutcracker fracture: cuboid
주요 골절
- 비골 골절
- 늑골 골절
- 손배뼈 골절(주상골 골절, scaphoid fracture): snuff box td, oblique or scaphoid view, thumb spica splint
- 콜리스 골절(Colles fracture): distal radius fracture, 손을 뻗으면서 넘어진 경우
- 몬테지아 골절(Monteggia fracture): fracture of the proximal third of the ulna with dislocation of the head of the radius, hyper-pronation injury
- 갈레아찌 골절(Galeazzi fracture): fracture of the radius with dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint
- MUGR(Monteggia Ulna, Galeazzi Radius); 머거로 암기
- 반달뼈 골절(lunate fracture)
- Jefferson fracture: Atlas의 burst fracture
- Segond fracture: lateral capsular ligament(anterolateral ligament)에 의한 the tibial plateau의 lateral aspect avulsion fracture로 ACL rupture나 lateral meniscus tear와 관련
Union type
- Nonunion
- malunion
- partial union
- delayed union