Fracture

골절(fracture)은 외상성 musculoskeletal injuries 중에 하나로 뼈의 연속성이 소실된 것이다.

Mechanism

Stress fracture
- Fatigue fracture
- Insufficiency fracture
Direct or indirect
- Direct forces include gunshot, explosion, stabbing, and crushing injuries.
- Most indirect fractures occur in reasonably predictable patterns.
closed fracture or open fracture
- closed: intact skin of the involved body part
- open: skin of the involved body part is disrupted
Osteoporotic fracture vs Pathologic fracture

complete fracture, incomplete fracture
skull: linear fracture, depressed fracture, diastatic fracture
소아 골절: 소성변형(Plastic Deformation), 생나무 골절(Greenstick Fracture), 죔쇠 골절(Buckle Fracture)/융기 골절(Torus Fracture)
nutcracker fracture: cuboid

비골 골절
늑골 골절
손배뼈 골절(주상골 골절, scaphoid fracture): snuff box td, oblique or scaphoid view, thumb spica splint
콜리스 골절(Colles fracture): distal radius fracture, 손을 뻗으면서 넘어진 경우
몬테지아 골절(Monteggia fracture): fracture of the proximal third of the ulna with dislocation of the head of the radius, hyper-pronation injury
갈레아찌 골절(Galeazzi fracture): fracture of the radius with dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint
- MUGR(Monteggia Ulna, Galeazzi Radius); 머거로 암기
반달뼈 골절(lunate fracture)
Jefferson fracture: Atlas의 burst fracture
Segond fracture: lateral capsular ligament(anterolateral ligament)에 의한 the tibial plateau의 lateral aspect avulsion fracture로 ACL rupture나 lateral meniscus tear와 관련