Cranial nerves

뇌신경(Cranial nerves, CN)은 뇌로부터 나와 기관과 연결되는 12개 신경을 말한다

종류

Olfactory nerve: Smell (only CN without thalamic relay to cortex) Sensory
Optic nerve: Sight Sensory
Oculomotor nerve: Eye movement (SR, IR, MR, IO), pupillary constriction(sphincter pupillae: Edinger-Westphal nucleus, muscarinic receptors), accommodation, eyelid opening (levator palpebrae) Motor
Trochlear nerve: Eye movement (SO) Motor
Trigeminal nerve: Mastication, facial sensation (ophthalmic, maxillary, mandibular divisions), somatosensation from anterior 2/3 of tongue Both
Abducens nerve: Eye movement (LR) Motor
Facial nerve: Facial movement, taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue, lacrimation, salivation (submandibular and sublingual glands), eyelid closing(orbicularis oculi), auditory volume modulation (stapedius) Both
Vestibulocochlear nerve: Hearing, balance Sensory
Glossopharyngeal nerve: Taste and sensation from posterior 1/3 of tongue, swallowing, salivation (parotid gland), monitoring carotid body and sinus chemo- and baroreceptors, and elevation of pharynx/larynx(stylopharyngeus) Both
Vagus nerve: Taste from supraglottic region, swallowing, soft palate elevation, midline uvula, talking, coughing, parasympathetics to thoracoabdominal viscera, monitoring aortic arch chemo- and baroreceptors Both
Accessory nerve: Head turning, shoulder shrugging (SCM, trapezius) Motor
Hypoglossal nerve: Tongue movement Motor